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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Disease related genes Human disease related genes Plasma proteins Transcription factors
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
4
Cytoband
q12
Chromosome location (bp)
56907876 - 56966808
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
The Structure section provides predicted structures from the Alphafold protein structure database and available experimental structures from Protein Data Bank (PDB).
In the Structure drop-down menu all experimental structures from PDB are available for selection and display. The structures are displayed using the NGL Viewer and can be zoomed-in and rotated either manually or by checking the Autorotate box. The Color scheme can be selected to show the residue index, chain name or confidence score (as B-factors and pLDDT score for experimental and predicted structures, respectively). The positions for available antigen sequences in the structure are shown if Antigens is turned to ON, and the Variants slider can be used to show the positions of clinical and population variants.https://github.com/nglviewer/ngl
The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.
At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.
Below the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50). The region with the lowest possible identity is always selected for antigen design, with a maximum identity of 60% allowed for designing a single-target antigen (read more).
The curve in blue displays the predicted antigenicity i.e. the tendency for different regions of the protein to generate an immune response, with peak regions being predicted to be more antigenic.The curve shows average values based on a sliding window approach using an in-house propensity scale. (read more).
If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.
Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
REST-201
REST-202
REST-204
REST-205
REST-206
REST-207
REST-208
REST-209
REST-210
REST-212
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Disease related genes Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000122 [negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000381 [regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome] GO:0000976 [transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000978 [RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001227 [DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001666 [response to hypoxia] GO:0002931 [response to ischemia] GO:0003682 [chromatin binding] GO:0003700 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006357 [regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0008134 [transcription factor binding] GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0010468 [regulation of gene expression] GO:0010629 [negative regulation of gene expression] GO:0017053 [transcription repressor complex] GO:0032348 [negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process] GO:0035019 [somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0035690 [cellular response to drug] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043280 [positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process] GO:0043922 [negative regulation by host of viral transcription] GO:0045665 [negative regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0045666 [positive regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045892 [negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045893 [positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0045955 [negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis] GO:0046676 [negative regulation of insulin secretion] GO:0046872 [metal ion binding] GO:0050768 [negative regulation of neurogenesis] GO:0060379 [cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation] GO:0070933 [histone H4 deacetylation] GO:0071257 [cellular response to electrical stimulus] GO:0071385 [cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus] GO:0097150 [neuronal stem cell population maintenance] GO:0099563 [modification of synaptic structure] GO:1902459 [positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance] GO:1903203 [regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death] GO:1903204 [negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death] GO:1903223 [positive regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death] GO:2000065 [negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process] GO:2000706 [negative regulation of dense core granule biogenesis] GO:2000740 [negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation] GO:2000798 [negative regulation of amniotic stem cell differentiation]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Disease related genes Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000122 [negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000381 [regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome] GO:0000976 [transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000978 [RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001227 [DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001666 [response to hypoxia] GO:0002931 [response to ischemia] GO:0003682 [chromatin binding] GO:0003700 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006355 [regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0006357 [regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0008134 [transcription factor binding] GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0010468 [regulation of gene expression] GO:0010629 [negative regulation of gene expression] GO:0017053 [transcription repressor complex] GO:0032348 [negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process] GO:0035019 [somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0035690 [cellular response to drug] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043280 [positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process] GO:0043922 [negative regulation by host of viral transcription] GO:0045665 [negative regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0045666 [positive regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045892 [negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045893 [positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0045955 [negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis] GO:0046676 [negative regulation of insulin secretion] GO:0046872 [metal ion binding] GO:0050768 [negative regulation of neurogenesis] GO:0060379 [cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation] GO:0070933 [histone H4 deacetylation] GO:0071257 [cellular response to electrical stimulus] GO:0071385 [cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus] GO:0097150 [neuronal stem cell population maintenance] GO:0099563 [modification of synaptic structure] GO:1902459 [positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance] GO:1903203 [regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death] GO:1903204 [negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death] GO:1903223 [positive regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron death] GO:2000065 [negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process] GO:2000706 [negative regulation of dense core granule biogenesis] GO:2000740 [negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation] GO:2000798 [negative regulation of amniotic stem cell differentiation]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000981 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0006357 [regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0045665 [negative regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0050768 [negative regulation of neurogenesis]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000981 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0006357 [regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0045665 [negative regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0050768 [negative regulation of neurogenesis]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000381 [regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome] GO:0000976 [transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000979 [RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001227 [DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0002244 [hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation] GO:0003677 [DNA binding] GO:0003682 [chromatin binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0006357 [regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0010468 [regulation of gene expression] GO:0010629 [negative regulation of gene expression] GO:0017053 [transcription repressor complex] GO:0035019 [somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043565 [sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045665 [negative regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0045666 [positive regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045892 [negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated] GO:0050768 [negative regulation of neurogenesis] GO:0060379 [cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation] GO:0097150 [neuronal stem cell population maintenance]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Digestive system diseases Mouth and dental diseases Nervous system diseases Ear disease Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000981 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0006357 [regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0045665 [negative regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0050768 [negative regulation of neurogenesis]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
