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  • GLS
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
ANTIBODIES
AND
VALIDATION
Protein structures
GENERAL INFORMATIONi

General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.

Gene namei

Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.

GLS
Synonyms GLS1, KIAA0838
Gene descriptioni

Full gene name according to HGNC.

Glutaminase
Protein classi

Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).

Read more
Disease related genes
Enzymes
Human disease related genes
Metabolic proteins
Potential drug targets
Predicted locationi

All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.

  • Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.

  • Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).

The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.

Read more
Intracellular
Protein evidence Evidence at protein level (all genes)
GENE INFORMATIONi

Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.

Chromosome 2
Cytoband q32.2
Chromosome location (bp) 190880821 - 190965552
Number of transcriptsi

Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.

7
Ensembl ENSG00000115419 (version 103.38)
Entrez gene 2744
HGNC HGNC:4331
UniProt O94925 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)
neXtProt NX_O94925
Antibodypedia GLS antibodies


PROTEIN STRUCTUREi

The Structure section provides predicted structures from the Alphafold protein structure database and available experimental structures from Protein Data Bank (PDB).

In the Structure drop-down menu all experimental structures from PDB are available for selection and display. The structures are displayed using the NGL Viewer and can be zoomed-in and rotated either manually or by checking the Autorotate box. The Color scheme can be selected to show the residue index, chain name or confidence score (as B-factors and pLDDT score for experimental and predicted structures, respectively). The positions for available antigen sequences in the structure are shown if Antigens is turned to ON, and the Variants slider can be used to show the positions of clinical and population variants.https://github.com/nglviewer/ngl

Read more

Predicted


Description: Structure prediction from Alphafold project. Structure version 2

# Chains: 1      # Clinical variants: 3      # Population variants: 220

Experimental

Description: Crystal structure of human GAC in complex with inhibitor UPGL00023 (X-ray)

# Chains: 1      # Clinical variants: 0      # Population variants: 0

Antigens:

Off
On

Variants:

Off
Clinical
Population

Color scheme:

Confidence
Residue index
Chain name

Autorotate:

Off
On



PROTEIN BROWSERi

The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.

At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.

Below the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50). The region with the lowest possible identity is always selected for antigen design, with a maximum identity of 60% allowed for designing a single-target antigen (read more).

The curve in blue displays the predicted antigenicity i.e. the tendency for different regions of the protein to generate an immune response, with peak regions being predicted to be more antigenic.The curve shows average values based on a sliding window approach using an in-house propensity scale. (read more).

If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.

Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
GLS-201
GLS-202
GLS-203
GLS-204
GLS-205
GLS-206
GLS-208


PROTEIN INFORMATIONi

The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.

The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.

The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.

The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Splice variant UniProt Protein class Gene ontology Length & mass Signal peptide
(predicted)
Transmembrane regions
(predicted)
GLS-201
ENSP00000317379
ENST00000320717
O94925 [Direct mapping]
Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 68 kDa chain Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 65 kDa chain
Show all
Enzymes
   ENZYME proteins
   Hydrolases
Metabolic proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Disease related genes
Potential drug targets
Human disease related genes
   Nervous system diseases
   Epilepsy
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0001967 [suckling behavior]
GO:0002087 [regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process]
GO:0004359 [glutaminase activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005739 [mitochondrion]
GO:0005759 [mitochondrial matrix]
GO:0005829 [cytosol]
GO:0006537 [glutamate biosynthetic process]
GO:0006541 [glutamine metabolic process]
GO:0006543 [glutamine catabolic process]
GO:0007268 [chemical synaptic transmission]
GO:0008652 [cellular amino acid biosynthetic process]
GO:0014047 [glutamate secretion]
GO:0016787 [hydrolase activity]
GO:0045202 [synapse]
GO:0051289 [protein homotetramerization]
GO:0090461 [glutamate homeostasis]
Show all
669 aa
73.5 kDa
Yes 0
GLS-202
ENSP00000340689
ENST00000338435
O94925 [Direct mapping]
Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 68 kDa chain Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 65 kDa chain
Show all
Enzymes
   ENZYME proteins
   Hydrolases
Metabolic proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
   SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Disease related genes
Potential drug targets
Human disease related genes
   Nervous system diseases
   Epilepsy
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004359 [glutaminase activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005737 [cytoplasm]
GO:0005739 [mitochondrion]
GO:0005759 [mitochondrial matrix]
GO:0005829 [cytosol]
GO:0006537 [glutamate biosynthetic process]
GO:0006541 [glutamine metabolic process]
GO:0006543 [glutamine catabolic process]
GO:0008652 [cellular amino acid biosynthetic process]
GO:0014047 [glutamate secretion]
GO:0016787 [hydrolase activity]
GO:0045202 [synapse]
GO:0051289 [protein homotetramerization]
GO:0090461 [glutamate homeostasis]
Show all
598 aa
65.5 kDa
Yes 0
GLS-203
ENSP00000387135
ENST00000409215
B8ZZC5 [Direct mapping]
Glutaminase
Show all
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Human disease related genes
   Nervous system diseases
   Epilepsy
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004359 [glutaminase activity]
GO:0006541 [glutamine metabolic process]
GO:0016787 [hydrolase activity]
Show all
103 aa
11.9 kDa
No 0
GLS-204
ENSP00000387177
ENST00000409428
B7Z509 [Direct mapping]
Glutaminase
Show all
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Human disease related genes
   Nervous system diseases
   Epilepsy
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004359 [glutaminase activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005739 [mitochondrion]
GO:0006541 [glutamine metabolic process]
GO:0016787 [hydrolase activity]
Show all
174 aa
19.9 kDa
No 0
GLS-205
ENSP00000386417
ENST00000409626
B8ZZA8 [Direct mapping]
Glutaminase
Show all
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Human disease related genes
   Nervous system diseases
   Epilepsy
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004359 [glutaminase activity]
GO:0006541 [glutamine metabolic process]
GO:0016787 [hydrolase activity]
Show all
169 aa
18.6 kDa
No 0
GLS-206
ENSP00000403329
ENST00000412247
H7C201 [Direct mapping]
Glutaminase
Show all
Metabolic proteins
   Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC
   SignalP predicted secreted proteins
   Phobius predicted secreted proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Human disease related genes
   Nervous system diseases
   Epilepsy
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004359 [glutaminase activity]
GO:0006541 [glutamine metabolic process]
GO:0016787 [hydrolase activity]
Show all
182 aa
20.3 kDa
Yes 0
GLS-208
ENSP00000395596
ENST00000457316
C9JIJ6 [Direct mapping]
Glutaminase
Show all
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Human disease related genes
   Nervous system diseases
   Epilepsy
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004359 [glutaminase activity]
GO:0006541 [glutamine metabolic process]
GO:0016787 [hydrolase activity]
Show all
164 aa
18 kDa
No 0

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The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation.