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TWIST1
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  • TWIST1
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Protein structures
GENERAL INFORMATIONi

General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.

Gene namei

Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.

TWIST1
Synonyms ACS3, bHLHa38, BPES2, BPES3, CRS, CRS1, H-twist, SCS, TWIST
Gene descriptioni

Full gene name according to HGNC.

Twist family bHLH transcription factor 1
Protein classi

Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).

Read more
Cancer-related genes
Disease related genes
Human disease related genes
Transcription factors
Predicted locationi

All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.

  • Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.

  • Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).

The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.

Read more
Intracellular
Protein evidence Evidence at protein level (all genes)
GENE INFORMATIONi

Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.

Chromosome 7
Cytoband p21.1
Chromosome location (bp) 19020991 - 19117636
Number of transcriptsi

Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.

1
Ensembl ENSG00000122691 (version 103.38)
Entrez gene 7291
HGNC HGNC:12428
UniProt Q15672 (UniProt - Evidence at protein level)
neXtProt NX_Q15672
Antibodypedia TWIST1 antibodies


PROTEIN STRUCTUREi

The Structure section provides predicted structures from the Alphafold protein structure database and available experimental structures from Protein Data Bank (PDB).

In the Structure drop-down menu all experimental structures from PDB are available for selection and display. The structures are displayed using the NGL Viewer and can be zoomed-in and rotated either manually or by checking the Autorotate box. The Color scheme can be selected to show the residue index, chain name or confidence score (as B-factors and pLDDT score for experimental and predicted structures, respectively). The positions for available antigen sequences in the structure are shown if Antigens is turned to ON, and the Variants slider can be used to show the positions of clinical and population variants.https://github.com/nglviewer/ngl

Read more

Predicted


Description: Structure prediction from Alphafold project. Structure version 2

# Chains: 1      # Clinical variants: 13      # Population variants: 107

Antigens:

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On

Variants:

Off
Clinical
Population

Color scheme:

Confidence
Residue index
Chain name

Autorotate:

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On



PROTEIN BROWSERi

The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.

At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.

Below the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50). The region with the lowest possible identity is always selected for antigen design, with a maximum identity of 60% allowed for designing a single-target antigen (read more).

The curve in blue displays the predicted antigenicity i.e. the tendency for different regions of the protein to generate an immune response, with peak regions being predicted to be more antigenic.The curve shows average values based on a sliding window approach using an in-house propensity scale. (read more).

If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.

Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
TWIST1-201


PROTEIN INFORMATIONi

The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.

The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.

The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.

The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Splice variant UniProt Protein class Gene ontology Length & mass Signal peptide
(predicted)
Transmembrane regions
(predicted)
TWIST1-201
ENSP00000242261
ENST00000242261
Q15672 [Direct mapping]
Twist-related protein 1
Show all
Predicted intracellular proteins
   Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC
Transcription factors
   Basic domains
Cancer-related genes
   Candidate cancer biomarkers
Disease related genes
Human disease related genes
   Congenital malformations
   Other congenital malformations
Mapped to neXtProt
   neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Show all
GO:0000122 [negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II]
GO:0000785 [chromatin]
GO:0000977 [RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding]
GO:0000981 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific]
GO:0001503 [ossification]
GO:0001649 [osteoblast differentiation]
GO:0001701 [in utero embryonic development]
GO:0001764 [neuron migration]
GO:0001843 [neural tube closure]
GO:0003180 [aortic valve morphogenesis]
GO:0003183 [mitral valve morphogenesis]
GO:0003203 [endocardial cushion morphogenesis]
GO:0003253 [cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis]
GO:0003677 [DNA binding]
GO:0003700 [DNA-binding transcription factor activity]
GO:0005515 [protein binding]
GO:0005634 [nucleus]
GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm]
GO:0006357 [regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II]
GO:0007275 [multicellular organism development]
GO:0007517 [muscle organ development]
GO:0008134 [transcription factor binding]
GO:0010628 [positive regulation of gene expression]
GO:0010718 [positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition]
GO:0014067 [negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling]
GO:0019221 [cytokine-mediated signaling pathway]
GO:0019904 [protein domain specific binding]
GO:0030154 [cell differentiation]
GO:0030326 [embryonic limb morphogenesis]
GO:0030500 [regulation of bone mineralization]
GO:0032000 [positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation]
GO:0032502 [developmental process]
GO:0032720 [negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production]
GO:0032755 [positive regulation of interleukin-6 production]
GO:0032760 [positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production]
GO:0033128 [negative regulation of histone phosphorylation]
GO:0035067 [negative regulation of histone acetylation]
GO:0035115 [embryonic forelimb morphogenesis]
GO:0035116 [embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis]
GO:0035137 [hindlimb morphogenesis]
GO:0035359 [negative regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway]
GO:0042473 [outer ear morphogenesis]
GO:0042476 [odontogenesis]
GO:0042733 [embryonic digit morphogenesis]
GO:0042802 [identical protein binding]
GO:0042803 [protein homodimerization activity]
GO:0043066 [negative regulation of apoptotic process]
GO:0043425 [bHLH transcription factor binding]
GO:0043433 [negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity]
GO:0043518 [negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator]
GO:0044092 [negative regulation of molecular function]
GO:0045596 [negative regulation of cell differentiation]
GO:0045668 [negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation]
GO:0045766 [positive regulation of angiogenesis]
GO:0045843 [negative regulation of striated muscle tissue development]
GO:0045892 [negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated]
GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II]
GO:0046983 [protein dimerization activity]
GO:0048511 [rhythmic process]
GO:0048642 [negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development]
GO:0048701 [embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis]
GO:0048704 [embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis]
GO:0050679 [positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation]
GO:0060021 [roof of mouth development]
GO:0060348 [bone development]
GO:0060363 [cranial suture morphogenesis]
GO:0060900 [embryonic camera-type eye formation]
GO:0061029 [eyelid development in camera-type eye]
GO:0061309 [cardiac neural crest cell development involved in outflow tract morphogenesis]
GO:0070888 [E-box binding]
GO:0071363 [cellular response to growth factor stimulus]
GO:0071456 [cellular response to hypoxia]
GO:0071639 [positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production]
GO:2000144 [positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation]
GO:2000147 [positive regulation of cell motility]
GO:2000276 [negative regulation of oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler activity]
GO:2000679 [positive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding]
GO:2000773 [negative regulation of cellular senescence]
GO:2000780 [negative regulation of double-strand break repair]
GO:2000793 [cell proliferation involved in heart valve development]
GO:2000802 [positive regulation of endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition involved in heart valve formation]
Show all
202 aa
21 kDa
No 0

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The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation.