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The primary data page shows the detailed antibody staining in 76 different cell types for each analyzed antibody. In addition, for each cell type, a knowledge-based annotated protein expression score based on all analyzed antibodies is displayed furthest to the right. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the tissue name or score bar. More information can be found in Assays & Annotation.
The tissues and cell types can be ordered by organ, cell type or alphabetically. If ordered by organ, the tissues are presented in groups according to functional features. If ordered by cell type, the cells are presented in groups related to origin.
This score describes the level of antibody staining observed in the annotated cell types as not detected (n), low (l), medium (m) or high (h). It is based on the staining intensity and fraction of stained cells. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the tissue name or score bar. More information can be found in Assays & Annotation.
This score describes a knowledge-based best estimate of the protein expression in the annotated cell types as not detected (n), low (l), medium (m) or high (h). It is a result of stringent evaluation of immunohistochemical staining pattern, RNA data from internal and external sources and available protein/gene characterization data. More information can be found in Assays & Annotation.
Summarizing texts describe the staining pattern for each antibody based on staining intensity, fraction of stained cells and subcellular localization. More information can be found in Assays & Annotation.
HPA018319
Most normal cells displayed strong nuclear immunoreactivity.
HPA018668
A majority of the normal tissues showed moderate to strong nuclear positivity. Strong staining was seen in glandular cells of the gastrointestinal tract, squamous epithelia, cells in seminiferus ducts, placenta, and lymphoid reaction center cells. Bile duct cells, glial cells, Leydig cells and myocytes were either negative or weakly stained.
HPA021504
Moderate to strong nuclear immunoreactivity was observed in normal tissues.
HPA028807
Normal tissues showed moderate nuclear staining. Renal tubules, decidual cells, cells in seminiferus ducts and respiratory epithelial cells of nasopharynx displayed strong immunoreactivity. Most neurons in CNS showed distinct additional cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Bile duct cells and exocrine pancreas were weakly stained or negative.
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
