Histone-like protein Protamine 1 (gene: PRM1) is visualized in the late stage cell states of developing sperm in testis with multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC/IF)...Read more

Previously, it was believed that the presence of an oncogenic mutation within a cell was sufficient to drive tumour development. However, it is now understood that tissues may contain cells harbouring oncogenic mutations, but that these cells maintain a normal phenotype until an initiating factor promotes oncogenic transformation (Acha-Sagredo et al, 2021). Changes in the cellular milieu and tissue architecture, such as inflammation or parenchymal density, are thought to alter the behaviour of these cells, affecting the likelihood of oncogenic transformation (Ling et al, 2020; Singh et al, 2019). Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms that underlie cancer promotion, and their association with factors such as smoking or obesity, are not fully understood...Read more

NKG2D (Natural Killer Group 2, member D) is an activating receptor expressed in the cytotoxic branch of the immune system, primarily on the surface of Natural Killer (NK), CD8+, and certain subsets of NK-, γδ-, and CD4+ T cells (Raulet, 2023). Its capacity to activate immune effectors without the need for antigen presentation makes the NKG2D receptor a major component of our first-line defense against both neoplastic development and external pathogens...Read more

Two dipeptidase proteins with different tissue specificity are displayed through multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC/IF)...Read more

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway, which converts the essential amino acid tryptophan into kynurenine and other metabolites (Ball, 2014). This enzymatic activity exerts significant immunoregulatory effects, which has made it an attractive target for immunotherapy research...Read more